学習のコツ

英単語は「英語→日本語」だけでなく「日本語→英語」の方向でも練習しましょう。例文を音読することで記憶の定着率が高まります。各カテゴリのアコーディオンをクリックして開いてください。

重要名詞

environment 名
環境
We should protect the natural environment for future generations.
conflict 名
対立・衝突・紛争
The conflict between the two countries lasted for many years.
achievement 名
達成・業績
Winning the championship was the greatest achievement of his career.
responsibility 名
責任・義務
It is our responsibility to take care of the elderly.
opportunity 名
機会・チャンス
She was given an opportunity to study abroad.
circumstance 名
状況・境遇（通例複数形）
Under these circumstances, we had no choice but to cancel the event.
community 名
地域社会・共同体
Volunteers play an important role in the local community.
generation 名
世代・一世代（約30年）
The younger generation is more familiar with technology.
population 名
人口・個体数
Japan's population has been declining in recent years.
agriculture 名
農業
Agriculture is an important part of the country's economy.
technology 名
技術・科学技術
Modern technology has changed the way we communicate.
innovation 名
革新・イノベーション
Innovation in renewable energy is crucial for solving climate change.
consequence 名
結果・影響（特に否定的な）
Pollution has serious consequences for human health.
evidence 名
証拠・根拠
There is strong evidence that smoking causes cancer.
tradition 名
伝統・慣習
This festival has been a tradition in our town for over 200 years.
economy 名
経済・節約
The global economy has been affected by the pandemic.
government 名
政府・行政
The government should invest more in public education.
transportation 名
輸送・交通機関
Public transportation is more eco-friendly than private cars.
advertisement 名
広告・宣伝
The advertisement on TV influenced many consumers.
education 名
教育
Access to quality education should be available to everyone.
contribute 動
貢献する・寄与する（contribute to〜）
Regular exercise can contribute to a healthy lifestyle.
achieve 動
達成する・成し遂げる
Hard work and determination can help you achieve your goals.
benefit 動
恩恵を受ける・利益を得る
Many people benefit from free healthcare systems.
encourage 動
奨励する・励ます（encourage O to do）
Teachers should encourage students to think critically.
improve 動
改善する・向上させる
We need to improve the quality of air in our cities.
prevent 動
防ぐ・妨げる（prevent O from doing）
Vaccines can prevent the spread of infectious diseases.
promote 動
促進する・宣伝する・昇進させる
The campaign promotes recycling and waste reduction.
reduce 動
減らす・削減する
The government introduced new policies to reduce carbon emissions.
require 動
必要とする・要求する（require O to do）
This job requires a high level of English proficiency.
support 動
支持する・支援する・扶養する
The charity supports children in developing countries.
essential 形
不可欠な・本質的な
Clean water is essential for human survival.
effective 形
効果的な・有効な
Exercise is one of the most effective ways to reduce stress.
significant 形
重要な・著しい・相当な
There has been a significant increase in online shopping.
various 形
様々な・いろいろな
The museum displays various kinds of traditional artwork.
specific 形
特定の・具体的な
Can you give a specific example to support your opinion?
major 形
主要な・重大な
Air pollution is a major problem in many large cities.
current 形
現在の・最新の
The current situation requires immediate action.
available 形
利用可能な・入手できる
Free Wi-Fi is available in most public libraries.
increasing 形
増加している・増大する
There is an increasing demand for renewable energy sources.
similar 形
似ている・同様の（similar to〜）
The two studies produced similar results.
in addition to
〜に加えて（前置詞句）
In addition to English, she can speak French and Spanish.
as a result
その結果として
He didn't study hard. As a result, he failed the exam.
on the other hand
一方では・他方では
City life is convenient. On the other hand, it can be stressful.
take part in
〜に参加する（= participate in）
All students are encouraged to take part in club activities.
be responsible for
〜に責任がある・〜の原因である
Human activities are responsible for global warming.
contribute to
〜に貢献する・〜の一因となる
Reading widely can contribute to your vocabulary growth.
make use of
〜を活用する・〜を利用する
We should make use of natural resources wisely.
in order to
〜するために（= so as to）
She woke up early in order to catch the first train.
due to
〜のために・〜が原因で（= because of）
The flight was delayed due to bad weather conditions.
based on
〜に基づいて・〜に基いた
The policy is based on the latest scientific research.

注意すべき動詞の使い方

動詞のコロケーション（よく一緒に使われる語）

  • take + 名詞: take care of（〜の世話をする）/ take advantage of（〜を利用する）/ take part in（参加する）
  • make + 名詞: make a decision（決定する）/ make an effort（努力する）/ make use of（活用する）
  • give + 名詞: give a speech（スピーチをする）/ give up（あきらめる）/ give permission（許可する）
  • have + 名詞: have an impact on（〜に影響を与える）/ have difficulty doing（〜するのに苦労する）

紛らわしい動詞ペア

  • rise vs. raise: rise（自動詞・上がる）/ raise（他動詞・上げる）
  • lie vs. lay: lie（自動詞・横たわる）/ lay（他動詞・置く）
  • affect vs. effect: affect（動詞・影響を与える）/ effect（名詞・影響・効果）
  • advice vs. advise: advice（名詞）/ advise（動詞）

重要名詞②（社会・人物系）

disaster 名
災害・惨事
The earthquake was one of the worst natural disasters in the country's history.
poverty 名
貧困・貧しさ
Many children around the world still live in poverty and lack access to education.
pollution 名
汚染・公害
Air pollution in big cities is a serious threat to public health.
resource 名
資源・財源（通例複数形 resources）
We must use our natural resources more wisely to protect the planet.
policy 名
政策・方針
The government introduced a new policy to encourage the use of renewable energy.
individual 名・形
個人・個々の
Each individual has the responsibility to protect the environment in daily life.
society 名
社会・社会全体
Technology has changed the way society communicates and shares information.
challenge 名
課題・挑戦・難題
Climate change is one of the greatest challenges facing humanity today.
improvement 名
改善・向上・進歩
There has been a significant improvement in air quality over the past decade.
majority 名
大多数・過半数（the majority of〜）
The majority of students agreed that homework should be reduced.
minority 名
少数派・少数グループ
It is important to protect the rights of minority groups in society.
volunteer 名・動
ボランティア・自発的に行う
Many students volunteer at local shelters to help people in need.
consumption 名
消費・消費量
Reducing energy consumption is essential for combating climate change.
production 名
生産・製造・制作
The production of electric vehicles has increased dramatically in recent years.
profit 名
利益・収益・もうけ
The company made a large profit by investing in renewable energy technology.
shortage 名
不足・欠乏（shortage of〜）
There is a serious shortage of clean water in many parts of the world.
authority 名
権限・当局・権威（複数形 authorities で「当局」）
The local authorities decided to close the school due to the heavy snowstorm.
debate 名・動
議論・論争・ディベート
There is an ongoing debate about whether nuclear energy should be used more widely.
impact 名
影響・衝撃（have an impact on〜）
Social media has a significant impact on the way young people form opinions.
establish 動
確立する・設立する・設ける
The organization was established to help children in developing countries.
maintain 動
維持する・保つ・主張する
It is important to maintain a healthy diet and exercise routine.
influence 動
影響を与える・左右する
Advertising on social media greatly influences the purchasing decisions of young people.
solve 動
解決する・（問題・謎を）解く
Governments around the world are working together to solve the problem of climate change.
develop 動
発展させる・開発する・発達する
Scientists are working to develop new technologies that can reduce pollution.
protect 動
保護する・守る（protect A from B）
We have a responsibility to protect endangered species from extinction.
increase 動
増加する・増やす（自他両用）
The number of people working from home has increased significantly since the pandemic.
decrease 動
減少する・減らす（自他両用）
Carbon dioxide emissions have decreased since stricter environmental laws were introduced.
participate 動
参加する（participate in〜）
All students are encouraged to participate in volunteer activities in their community.
consider 動
考慮する・みなす・検討する
We should consider the long-term effects of our actions on the environment.
beneficial 形
有益な・利益をもたらす（be beneficial to〜）
Regular exercise is beneficial to both physical and mental health.
harmful 形
有害な・害を与える（be harmful to〜）
Excessive use of social media can be harmful to teenagers' mental health.
global 形
地球規模の・世界的な・全体的な
Climate change is a global issue that requires international cooperation to solve.
local 形
地域の・地元の・局所的な
Supporting local businesses helps the community grow stronger economically.
traditional 形
伝統的な・従来の・昔ながらの
Many young people enjoy traditional festivals as a way to connect with their culture.
modern 形
現代の・近代の・最新の
Modern technology has made it easier for people to work and study from home.
environmental 形
環境の・環境に関する
There are serious environmental concerns about the use of plastic packaging.
economic 形
経済的な・経済に関する（economy の形容詞形）
The government introduced measures to deal with the country's economic problems.
physical 形
身体的な・物理的な・体の
Regular physical activity can help prevent many lifestyle-related diseases.
mental 形
精神的な・心の・知的な
Talking to friends and family is important for maintaining good mental health.
A as well as B
AだけでなくBも（= not only B but also A）
Exercise improves physical health as well as mental well-being.
regardless of
〜にかかわらず・〜を問わず
Everyone should have access to quality education regardless of their background.
lead to
〜につながる・〜を引き起こす（= result in）
Lack of sleep can lead to serious health problems over time.
deal with
〜に対処する・〜を処理する・〜を扱う
The government needs to deal with the problem of rising unemployment.
depend on
〜に依存する・〜を頼る・〜次第だ
Many rural communities depend on agriculture for their livelihoods.
result in
〜という結果になる・〜をもたらす（= lead to）
Poor diet and lack of exercise can result in serious health issues.
be aware of
〜を認識している・〜を知っている
Young people today are more aware of environmental issues than previous generations.
look forward to doing
〜することを楽しみにしている（to の後は動名詞）
I am looking forward to meeting my pen pal from Australia next month.
succeed in doing
〜することに成功する（in の後は動名詞）
After several attempts, the team finally succeeded in developing a new vaccine.
be willing to do
進んで〜する・〜することをいとわない
More people need to be willing to make changes in their lifestyle to protect the environment.

混同しやすい形容詞・副詞ペア

economic vs. economical

  • economic（経済の・経済的な）: an economic problem（経済問題）/ the economic growth（経済成長）
  • economical（経済的・節約になる・費用対効果が高い）: This car is very economical.（この車はとても燃費がよい）

historic vs. historical

  • historic（歴史上重要な・歴史的な意義がある）: a historic event（歴史的な出来事）/ a historic victory（歴史的な勝利）
  • historical（歴史に関する・歴史から得られた）: a historical novel（歴史小説）/ historical research（歴史研究）

sensible vs. sensitive

  • sensible（分別ある・理にかなった・賢明な）: a sensible decision（賢明な決断）/ It is sensible to save money.（お金を貯めるのは賢明だ）
  • sensitive（敏感な・傷つきやすい・繊細な）: She is sensitive to criticism.（彼女は批判に敏感だ）/ sensitive skin（敏感肌）

childish vs. childlike

  • childish（子供っぽい・幼稚な・軽蔑的なニュアンス）: His behavior was very childish.（彼の行動はとても子供っぽかった）
  • childlike（子供のような・無邪気な・かわいらしい・肯定的なニュアンス）: She has a childlike curiosity about the world.（彼女は世界に対する子供のような好奇心がある）